On 28 December, it will be two years since GIOVE-A - the first Galileo satellite - was launched by a Soyuz rocket from Baikonur, in Kazakhstan. This satellite demonstrates the progress Europe has made in setting up its own navigation system. Since January 2006, Galileo signals have been broadcast by GIOVE-A, and received all around the globe. At ESA's research and technology centre in the Netherlands, a laboratory is checking both the instruments on board the spacecraft that generate the signals and the receivers on the ground. This testing and calibration has allowed the specialists to confirm the success of the mission, which is a good sign for the rest of the programme.
European nations yesterday finally agreed to build a 3.4bn ($5bn, £2.4bn) satellite navigation system that officials claim will give the EU "strategic independence" from the US. Ministers approved a design framework and funding for the Galileo project, which will rival GPS, the US-owned global navigation system, after five years' delay.
"This will be the spearhead of European technology" - Jacques Barrot, transport commissioner, who said Galileo should be operational by 2013. He also stressed its commercial benefits.
The European Commission has put forward a new tendering process for the stalled Galileo satellite-navigation project. No one company will be allowed to win more than two of the six segments of work offered to build the system. The commission hopes the arrangement will pacify countries such as Germany which wants assurances about the distribution of industrial contracts.
The UKs involvement in the controversial Galileo satellite communications programme came under scrutiny this week after MPs urged the government to halt investment. The EU plan to develop a rival to the US-owned global positioning system (GPS) has cost the UK taxpayer £97m to date and has been beset by financial and political problems.
Hotly-debated European sat nav project Galileo has suffered a technical delay in addition to its budgetary and political woes. Media reports suggest the Giove-B satellite, second in a series of testbed and validation platforms preceding the main Galileo birds, will not now be launched until next year.
Entrepreneurs are being urged to look to the future of satellite navigation. A competition, which aims to find novel ideas that exploit the pin-point accuracy of Europe's soon-to-launch Galileo system, is calling for entries. Previous winners include a system that monitors changes in the ground that occur before an earthquake strikes. The eventual winner of the UK Satellite Navigation Challenge will then compete in a European tournament for cash and support to kick-start the business.
World-leading small satellite manufacturer, Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd (SSTL), has successfully completed its Baseline Design Review for a Geostationary Mini-satellite Platform (GMP). The 2.28 million pre-development project forms part of ESAs Advanced Research in TElecommunications Systems funding stream for ESA/Industry partnerships (ARTES 4). The ARTES 4 initiative is aimed at supporting close to market developments within industry. Developments within this ARTES 4 project are part of the wider GMP development programme at SSTL that is applying the Companys low-cost, rapid-schedule approaches to the GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit) market. GMP is targeted on a platform designed for a 10-year mission life and capable of supporting a 200kg, 2.5kW power payload. The design review was successfully completed with no outstanding actions and SSTL received very encouraging feedback from ESA. The review followed an accelerated study phase in which the baseline design of the transfer orbit variant of the GMP was defined and marked the end of Phase 1 of the project. Phase 2 will look in more detail at aspects of the structural, thermal and propulsion subsystem designs.
Galileo rubidium clocks a year of in-orbit experience Europes first satellite-borne rubidium clocks have been in orbit for over a year. There is good news for the building of the Galileo system: the results obtained from GIOVE-As first year of operations show performance that is largely in line with the specifications. GIOVE-A, the first Galileo in-orbit validation element, was launched on 28 December 2005. One of its two rubidium clocks was switched on for the first time on 10 January 2006 and Galileo signals were transmitted two days later.
Former EU competition commissioner Karel van Miert has urged the Netherlands not to be small-minded about the tripling in costs for the European satellite navigation system Galileo. Finance minister Wouter Bos said last week he had his 'suspicions' about the project, which is now set to cost 3.6bn. No Dutch companies are involved in its development.