Title: Analysis of ground penetrating radar data from the tunnel beneath the Temple of the Feathered Serpent in Teotihuacan, Mexico, using new multi-cross algorithms Author: Flor López-Rodríguez, Víctor M. Velasco-Herrera, Román Alvarez-Béjar, Sergio Gómez-Chávez, Julie Gazzola
As multichannel equipment is increasingly used, we developed two algorithms for multivariable wavelet analysis of GPR signals (multi-cross wavelet MCW and Fourier multi-cross function FMC) and applied them to analyse raw GPR traces of archaeological subsurface strata. The traces were from the tunnel located beneath the Temple of the Feathered Serpent (The Citadel, Teotihuacan, Mexico). The MCW and FMC algorithms determined the periods of subsurface strata of the tunnel. GPR traces inside-and-outside the tunnel/chamber, outside the tunnel/chamber and inside the tunnel/chamber analysed with the MCW and filtered FMC algorithms determined the periods of the tunnel and chamber fillings, clay and matrix (limestone-clay compound). The tunnel filling period obtained by MCW analysis (14.37 ns) reflects the mixed limestone-clay compound of this stratum since its value is close to that of the period of the matrix (15.22 ns); periods of the chamber filling (11.40 ns) and the matrix (11.40 ns) were almost identical. FMC analysis of the tunnel obtained a period (5.08 ns) close to that of the chamber (4.27 ns), suggesting the tunnel and chamber are filled with similar materials. The use of both algorithms allows a deeper analysis since the similarities of the tunnel and chamber filling periods could not have been determined with the MCW algorithm alone. The successful application of the new multi-cross algorithms to archaeological GPR data suggests they may also be used to search water and other resources in celestial bodies.
Hundreds of mysterious spheres lie beneath the Temple of the Feathered Serpent, an ancient six-level step pyramid just 30 miles from Mexico City. The enigmatic spheres were found during an archaeological dig using a camera-equipped robot at one of the most important buildings in the pre-Hispanic city of Teotihuacan. Read more
Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés arrived in Tenochtitlan on November 8, 1519. At this time it is believed that the city was one of the largest in the world; compared to Europe, only Paris, Venice and Constantinople were larger. In a letter to the Spanish king, Cortés wrote that Tenochtitlan was as large as Seville or Córdoba. Cortes's men were in awe at the sight of the splendid city and many wondered if they were a dream Read more
Archaeologists are opening a cave sealed for more than 30 years deep beneath a Mexican Teotihuacan stone pyramid to look for clues about the mysterious collapse of one of ancient civilization's largest cities. The pyramids, about an hour outside Mexico City, were discovered by the ancient Aztecs around 1500, not long before the arrival of Spanish explorers to Mexico. But little is known about the civilization that built the immense city, with its ceremonial architecture and geometric temples, and then torched and abandoned it around the year 700. Archaeologists are now revisiting a cave system that is buried 6 meters beneath the towering Pyramid of the Sun and extends into a tunnel stretching for 90 meters with a height of 2.4 meters.
Mexican archaeologists have unearthed the remains of an Aztec palace in the heart of what is now downtown Mexico City. During a routine renovation on a Colonial-era building, experts uncovered pieces of a wall as well as a rocky floor believed to have been part of a dark room where the emperor Montezuma meditated.
Archaeologists have discovered the ruins of an 800-year-old Aztec pyramid in the heart of the Mexican capital that could show the ancient city is at least a century older than previously thought. Mexican archaeologists found the ruins, which are about 36 feet high, in the central Tlatelolco area, once a major religious and political centre for the Aztec elite. Since the discovery of another pyramid at the site 15 years ago, historians have thought Tlatelolco was founded by the Aztecs in 1325, the same year as the twin city of Tenochtitlan nearby, the capital of the Aztec empire, which the Spanish razed in 1521 to found Mexico City, conquering the Aztecs. The pyramid, found last month as part of an investigation begun in August, could have been built in 1100 or 1200, signalling the Aztecs began to develop their civilization in the mountains of central Mexico earlier than believed.
Ruins of an Aztec pyramid razed by Spanish conquerors have been discovered in what is now one of Mexico City's most crime-ridden districts. Builders unearthed ancient walls in Iztapalapa in June, and archaeologists now say they are part of the main pyramid of the Aztec city destroyed by Hernan Cortes in the 16th century.
Professor on team finding 2,900-year-old markings on stone block in Mexico University of Alabama anthropology professor Dr. Richard "Dick" Diehl has spent more than four decades digging in Mexican fields looking for artifacts belonging to ancient civilizations. So his excitement was understandable after he and three American archaeological colleagues determined a Mexican artifact depicted ancient writings they believe is 2,900 years old, making them the oldest known written communication in the Western Hemisphere.
Scientists say the 12.4 ton stone cutting, which is covered with a vast, heavily detailed full-body engraving of earth god Tlaltecuhtli, is one of the most important Aztec finds ever. The 3.5 metres long monolith was first made public in October. It is broken into several pieces but otherwise in excellent condition.