Mildred Shapley Matthews (born 15 February 1915 - February 11, 2016) was an American astronomer and editor of many astronomy books. She is one of five influential children by astronomers Harlow and Martha Betz Shapley. Mildred Shapley Matthews is an editor and research assistant at the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory of the University of Arizona in Tucson, Arizona.
She married Ralph Matthews in the Harvard University Memorial Chapel in 1936. She won won the Harold Masursky Award, for Meritorious Service to Planetary Science, in 1993. Her father, along with Seth Nicholson, discovered on September 6, 1916 an asteroid and named it after her; asteroid 878 Mildred. Her oldest child, June L. Matthews, was a Professor of Physics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Her youngest child, Martha Matthews is an attorney.