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How often do quantum systems violate the second law of thermodynamics?

The likelihood of seeing quantum systems violating the second law of thermodynamics has been calculated by UCL scientists.
In two papers, published in this week's issue of Physical Review X and funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, the team determined a more precise version of a basic law of physics - which says that disorder tends to increase with time unless acted on by an outside force - and applied it to the smallest quantum systems.

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Canadian researchers discover method for direct measurement of the quantum wavefunction

Scientists around the world now have a new tool to investigate the elementary units of nature. Until now, the quantum wavefunction was believed to be impossible to measure directly, since the very act of observing it would alter it.
The team of researchers include Jeff S. Lundeen, Charles Bamber, Brandon Sutherland, Aabid Patel and Corey Stewart from the National Research Council of Canada Institute for National Measurement Standards (NRC-INMS) in Ottawa. Their method was published in Nature.

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